Computer Operating System

Computer Operating System:

An Operating System is a type of system software, which intern is a collection of programs that controls execution of various application programs and act as an intermediary between end user and the computer system or computer hardware.

Examples of some operating systems are as follows: Windows/NT, Windows, MacOS, LINUX, Android, IOS, UNIX etc.

Computer Hardware: Computer hardware are the physical devices, which are tangible in nature such as Central Processing Unit (CPU), Memory, Monitor, Input/output Devices etc.

Application Software/ Application Programs:   By using application software, which is also a set of programs, an end user can interact with the operating system to serve its purpose.

Examples of Application Software are as follows: MS Office, Browsers, Photoshop, PDF Reader, Video Player etc.

End User: End user means the user of a computer, it can be a human being, a client computer or even it could be a robot also.

Functions of Operating System:

1.   Operating system help to make computer system user friendly, so it could be used by the user easily.

2.   Memory/ Storage management

3.   Output management

4.   Input management

5.   Job Scheduling

6.   Execute user programs and provide end result to the user.

7.   Efficient utilization of computer resources.

Various Categories of Operating System:

·         Real-time Operating System: Real-time operating system is a special type of operating system, which can handle real time applications. For example: Weather forecasting, Nuclear Operations, Rocket Launching, Traffic Management etc.

·         Single User Operating Systems: Single user Operating system is nothing but a Desktop Computer, which gives platform to a single user at a time. For Example: DOS.

·         Multi User Operating Systems: Multi user Operating system is nothing but mainframe Computer, which provides platform for two or more user at a time. Multi User Operating System is also be termed as Time Sharing Operating System, which gives privilege to share a single application or a Database to be accessed by more than one user at a time. For example: UNIX Operating System.

·         Multi-tasking Operating Systems: When an operating system enables user to perform multiple task at a time, this type of operating systems are termed as multitasking operating system.

·          Single-tasking Operating Systems: Performs single task at a time and the system is grouped under single tasking operating system. 

·        Distributed Operating System: Distributed Operating Systems are mainly used in corporate world, where distributed computations being carried out in more than one machine.

·        Examples of Commonly used operating systems are as follows:

·         Unix

·         Linux

·         Windows

·         Solaris

•      Android

•      Symbian

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